OptimalHealthNutrition.com -- Lipoxygenase (Lipox) converts arachidonic acid into leukotrienes, which are proinflammatory for cancer and heart disease

Lipoxygenase and Leukotrienes

Research News: Lipoxygenases: a family of enzymes that form leukotrienes
Corneal lipoxygenase is inhibited by vitamin C[1]
The activity of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase produce ROS intermediates
5-lipoxygenase, 5-LOX
This is a pro-inflammatory enzyme that has different basal levels of activity in different people and in different disease conditions. Proinflammatory variances of this enzyme are seen in Africans (24%), Asians and Pacific Islanders (19.4%), other racial/ethnic groups (18.2%), Hispanics (3.6%) and whites (3.1%) and are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and elevations in CRP especially when the diet is high in arachidonic acid and low in EPA.[2]
5-LOX has been described as “procarcinogenic” due to its role in producing LT-B4 which has mitogenic and anti-apoptotic actions[3]
The 5-LOX metabolite 5-HPETE is necessary for the formation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and other collagenases which are utilized for the destruction of connective tissue[4]
8-lipoxygenase, 8-LOX
8-LOX is upregulated in animal models of cancer and has been described as “procarcinogenic” due to its role in producing 8-HETE, which has genotoxic effects and which is found in humans[5]
12-R-lipoxygenase, 12-R-LOX
12-R-LOX has been described as “procarcinogenic” due to its role in producing 12-R-HETE[6]
12-S-lipoxygenase, 12-S-LOX
12-S-LOX has been described as “procarcinogenic” due to its role in producing 12-S-HETE[7]
Expression of 12-S-LOX is directly correlated with aggressiveness, stage, and grade in human prostate cancer[8]
15-lipoxygenase-1, 15-LOX-1
15-LOX-1 metabolizes n-6 linoleic acid into 13-S-HODE, which appears to have anticancer actions[9]
15-lipoxygenase-2, 15-LOX-2
15-LOX-2 metabolizes n-6 arachidonic acid into 15-S-HETE, which appears to have anticancer actions[10]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Horrobin DF. Ascorbic acid and prostaglandin synthesis. Subcell Biochem 1996;25:109-15

[2] Dwyer JH, Allayee H, Dwyer KM, Fan J, Wu H, Mar R, Lusis AJ, Mehrabian M. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase promoter genotype, dietary arachidonic acid, and atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2004 Jan 1;350(1):29-37

[3] "These targets include procarcinogenic lipoxygenases (LOXs), including 5-, 8-, and 12-LOX, and anticarcinogenic LOXs, including 15-LOX-1 and possibly 15-LOX-2." Shureiqi I, Lippman SM. Lipoxygenase modulation to reverse carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2001 Sep 1;61(17):6307-12

[4] "Specific metabolites of each pathway, i.e. PGF2 alpha and 5-HPETE, are able to transcend the block and restore collagenase production, invasiveness in vitro and metastatic activity in vivo." Reich R, Martin GR. Identification of arachidonic acid pathways required for the invasive and metastatic activity of malignant tumor cells. Prostaglandins 1996 Jan;51(1):1-17

[5] Shureiqi I, Lippman SM. Lipoxygenase modulation to reverse carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2001 Sep 1;61(17):6307-12

[6] Shureiqi I, Lippman SM. Lipoxygenase modulation to reverse carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2001 Sep 1;61(17):6307-12

[7] Shureiqi I, Lippman SM. Lipoxygenase modulation to reverse carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2001 Sep 1;61(17):6307-12

[8] Reich R, Martin GR. Identification of arachidonic acid pathways required for the invasive and metastatic activity of malignant tumor cells. Prostaglandins 1996 Jan;51(1):1-17

[9] Shureiqi I, Lippman SM. Lipoxygenase modulation to reverse carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2001 Sep 1;61(17):6307-12

[10] Shureiqi I, Lippman SM. Lipoxygenase modulation to reverse carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2001 Sep 1;61(17):6307-12

Dr Vasquez's Comments: This is an excerpt from my textbook "Chiropractic and Naturopathic Mastery of Common Clinical Disorders" which is available from OptimalHealthResearch.com (website with clinical information designed for doctors) and also from OptimalHealthNutrition.com in our selection of books.

				OptimalHealthNutrition.com

			Update: Please see the new website at HealGrowThriveMedicine.com